Written By Zika, a once forgotten virus is back in the spotlight after a recent outbreak in South America that has been linked to thousands of birth defects. The virus was first identified nearly 70 years ago and for years, went virtually unnoticed. But now, it’s an international health crisis and one that demands our attention. In this blog post, we’ll take an in-depth look into Zika—from its history to its effects on people and animals alike, and what we can do to fight against it. We’ll also explore the controversy surrounding the disease, as well as ways to protect yourself if you do find yourself in a Zika-affected area. Join us as we uncover the truth behind this deadly virus and how it threatens humanity today.
History of Zika virus
First identified in 1947 in Uganda’s Zika Forest, the virus remained relatively unknown until recently. Zika is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the same species that spreads dengue and chikungunya. The majority of people infected with Zika virus experience no symptoms, or only mild ones, such as fever, rash, joint pain and conjunctivitis (red eyes). However, the virus has been linked to a serious birth defect called microcephaly, as well as other neurological disorders.
Between 2015 and 2016, Zika virus spread rapidly through South America, Central America and the Caribbean. In Brazil, where the outbreak was first reported, there was a 20-fold increase in the number of babies born with microcephaly. The outbreak led to a declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization on February 1st 2016.
As of July 2017, over 60 countries and territories have reported evidence of mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission since 2015.
Symptoms of Zika virus
The most common symptoms of Zika virus are fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis (red eyes). Other symptoms include muscle pain and headache. The incubation period (the time from exposure to symptoms) of Zika virus is not well defined, but is likely to be a few days to a week.
Zika virus is generally mild with symptoms lasting for several days to a week. Severe disease requiring hospitalization is uncommon. There have been no reports of deaths associated with Zika virus infection.
While the majority of people infected with Zika virus will have no symptoms or only mild symptoms, the virus can pose a serious threat to pregnant women and their babies. Infection during pregnancy can cause a birth defect called microcephaly, as well as other severe fetal brain defects. There is also evidence that Zika virus infection during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage.
How is Zika virus spread?
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne illness that can be spread through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito. These mosquitoes are aggressive daytime biters and can also bite at night. Zika virus can also be spread through sexual contact, blood transfusions, and from a mother to her child during pregnancy. The most common symptom of Zika virus is a fever, but it can also cause rash, joint pain, headache, and pink eye. Zika virus is usually mild and lasts for only a few days. However, it can cause serious birth defects if pregnant women become infected. There is no vaccine or treatment for Zika virus, so the best way to prevent it is to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes.
Treatment for Zika virus
Although there is no specific treatment for Zika virus, patients can receive supportive care to help relieve symptoms. Treatment options include:
– Getting plenty of rest
– Drinking fluids to prevent dehydration
– Taking pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen to reduce fever and pain
– Applying a cool compress to the skin to reduce swelling and discomfort
If you have Zika virus, it is important to avoid mosquito bites during the recovery period. This will help prevent the spread of the virus to others. You should also avoid sexual contact during this time.
Prevention of Zika virus
There are currently no vaccines or treatments available for Zika virus, so the best way to prevent infection is to avoid mosquito bites. Here are some tips for preventing mosquito bites:
-Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants when outdoors.
-Use insect repellent that contains DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus, or IR3535. -Stay in places with air conditioning and screens on doors and windows.
-Sleep under a mosquito net if you are outdoors or in a place where there are mosquitoes.
-Cover any exposed skin when outside by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, socks, and hats.
Conclusion
While Zika has largely been forgotten due to the emergence of other, more severe diseases in recent years, it is still an important virus that can have devastating consequences for those infected. A robust and sustained response from health authorities must be put in place if further spread of this virus is to be avoided. With improved diagnosis and better treatments available, now is the time to act on controlling the spread of this deadly virus so that we can ensure a healthier future for all.
